Class 7 || Scholar's JUNIOR ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION || Section I | Unit II || Lesson 25: The Participle and the Gerund

Exercise 1. Pick out the participle in each sentence:
1. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
Ans: rolling

2. They went away laughing.
Ans: laughing

3. The failed student began to weep.

Ans: failed

 
4. The withered flowers were thrown away.
Ans: withered
 
5. May God grant peace to the departed soul.
Ans: departed
 
6. All living creatures breathe in air.
Ans: living
 
7. The mother caressed the weeping child.
Ans: weeping
 
8. A burnt child dreads the fire.
Ans: burnt
 
9. Atul is a promising lad.
Ans: promising
 
10. The master found the servant sleeping.
Ans: sleeping
 
11. The loaded gun went off itself.
Ans: loaded
 
12. The car dashed along the winding road.
Ans: winding
 
13. The minister read the written report.
Ans: written
 
14. It is difficult to see in the dazzling light.
Ans: dazzling
 
15. The lumbermen cut the fallen tree into logs.
Ans: fallen
 
16. His mother is lying on her dying bed.
Ans: dying
 
17. Hearing the noise, the boy woke up.
Ans: Hearing
 
18. We met a girl carrying a basket of flowers.
Ans: carrying
 
19. Wounded woman was taken to the hospital.
Ans: wounded

Exercise 2. Each sentence has a participle printed in italics. Say whether it is the present participle or the past participle:

1. I saw him stealing a ring.
Ans: stealing: present participle
 
2. Steam was coming out of the boiling water.
Ans: boiling: present participle
 
3. His broken leg was cut off.
Ans: broken: past participle
 
4. These were the last words of the dying man.
Ans: dying: present participle
 
5. The stolen ornaments are with the thief.
Ans: stolen: present participle
 
6. The tiring journey has broken my limbs.
Ans: tiring: present participle
 
7. The teacher found the pupil dozing.
Ans: dozing: present participle
 
8. A farewell party was given to the outgoing class.
Ans: outgoing: present participle
 
9. It is bad to kiss a sleeping child.
Ans: sleeping: present participle
 
10. His brother has found the stolen money.
Ans: stolen : past participle

Exercise 3.

(a) What is a participle?

Ans: A participle is a word that is partly a verb and partly an adjective.

 
(b) In what form does the present participle occur?
Ans: The present participle occurs to the first forms of the verbs by adding ing.
 
(c) In what form does the past participle occur?
Ans: The past participle occurs in the third forms of the verbs.
 
(d) Is it correct to say that a participle is a word with a double character?
Ans: Yes, it is correct to say that a participle is a word with a double character. Participle works
as a verb and as an adjective.
 

Exercises

PAGE NO 173

Exercise 1. Underline the gerund in each sentence:
1. Drinking has ruined his health.
Ans: Drinking
 
2. She likes running a race daily.
Ans: Running
 
3. Swimming is very good for health.
Ans: Swimming
 
4. I love reading novels.
Ans: Reading
 
5. Borrowing is begging.
Ans: Borrowing
 
6. Hunting is a good sport.
Ans: Hunting
 
7. Playing cards is a bad habit.
Ans: Playing
 
8. You must avoid mixing with bad boys.
Ans: Mixing
 
9. We enjoyed riding very much yesterday.
Ans: Riding
 
10. It is no use crying over split milk.
Ans: Crying
 
11. It is no good learning by rote.
Ans: Learning
 
12. He deserves a sound beating.
Ans: Beating
 
13. No Spitting, Please.
Ans: Spitting
 

PAGE NO 174

Exercise 2. Here are some sentences with infinitives used as nouns. Change each infinitive into a gerund:

1. To gambling is a crime as well as a sin.
Ans: Gambling is a crime as well as a sin.
 
2. To drink is a vice.
Ans: Drinking is a vice.
 
3. To pluck flowers is to spoil a garden.
Ans: Plucking flowers is to spoil a garden.
 
4. Teach me how to read.
Ans: Teach me reading.
 
5. To tell lies is to do a sin.
Ans: Telling lies is doing a sin.
 
6. To laugh is to grow healthy.
Ans: Laughing is growing healthy.
 
7. To work is to worship.
Ans: Working is worshiping.
 
8. To take pains means to reap gains.
Ans: Taking pains means reaping gains.
 
9. To speak the truth is to love God.
Ans: Speaking the truth is loving God.
 
Exercise 3. Fill up each blank with a suitable gerund:
1. He is expert in ___________________
Ans: teaching/shooting/hunting
 
2. ________flowers is strictly prohibited.
Ans: Plucking
 
3. No _______________________ Here.
Ans: smoking/parking/spitting
 
4. ____between the meals is a bad habit.
Ans: Talking
 
5. Lend me some money, I am to go ___
Ans: shoping
 
6. He left the hotel without ______his bill.
Ans: paying
 
7. __________a language is easier than writing it.
Ans: speaking
 
8. He succeeded in ___________ a high first division.
Ans: securing
 
9. We prevented him from ___________
into deep water.
Ans: swimming
 
10. This pen is not worth ________ at all.
Ans: buying
 
11. ________in the middle of a busy road could be dangerous.
Ans: Talking/running
 
12. __________ in the sea could be quite adventurous.
Ans: Sailing
 
13. He was accused of _______ his wife.
Ans: beating
 
14. My friend doesn't like ____________
Ans: studying/reading/singing/hunting
 
Exercise 4.
(a) What is a gerund? How is it different from a participle? explain by giving two examples of each.
Ans: A gerund is a word that partly a verb and partly a noun.
 
A gerund is different from a participle. Participles are of two types but gerund has only one type. There are many differences between them. Those are as follows:-
 
👉 A gerund can be used as subject of a verb but A participle can't.
Examples : Swimming is good for health.
 
👉 A gerund can be used as object of a verb but a participle can't.
Example: Start drawing.
 
👉 A gerund can be used as object of a preposition but a participle can't.
Example: I am very fond of eating sweets.
 
👉 A gerund can be used as complement of a verb but a participle can't.
Example: Seeing is believing.
 
👉 A gerund can be used as a prohibition but a participle can't.
Example: No singing.
 
👉 A gerund can be used as an activity after the verb - go but a participle can't.
Example: She will go shopping now.
 
(b) Can a gerund be used in place of an infinitive? If yes, explain through examples.
Ans: Yes, a gerund can be used in place of an infinitive. It makes sense that both can be used as subjects and objects of verbs without much difference in meaning:
 
Let's us try to understand it with the help of some examples:
👉 To give is to get (Infinitive)
      Giving is getting (Gerund)
 
👉 To see is to believe (Infinitive)
      Seeing is believing (Gerund)
 
Exercise 5. Each of the following sentences has a participle and a gerund. Pick out both:
1. I practice swimming in a swimming pool daily.
Ans: Swimming - gerund
        Swimming pool - participle
 
2. Eating between eating hours leads to ill health.
Ans: Eating - gerund
        Eating hours - participle
 
3. Begging must be done with a begging bowl.
Ans: Begging - gerund
        Begging bowl - participle
 
4. Only drinking water should be used for drinking
Ans: Drinking water - participle
        Drinking - gerund
 
5. Sleeping with the help of sleeping pills is harmful.
Ans: Sleeping - gerund
        Sleeping bag - participle
 
6. The working of the Working Committee is not satisfactory.
Ans: Working - gerund
        Working Committee - participle